Allergies on the Rise: Understanding Tests and Treatments
Allergies, affecting over 50 million Americans annually, are on the rise due to genetic factors, hygiene, and widespread allergen exposure. Before allergy testing, patients may need to stop certain medications. The tests, which can cause mild side effects, help identify allergens and guide treatment.
Allergens, substances causing allergic reactions, are categorized into inhaled, ingested, and contact types. Common allergens include food proteins and animal dander. Allergies occur when the immune system overreacts, leading to symptoms like a runny nose or itchy eyes. Asthma, an allergic disease process, accounts for around 250,000 deaths worldwide annually.
Allergy testing involves skin tests, such as scratch or patch tests, or blood tests like ImmunoCAP. These tests expose patients to small amounts of allergens and record reactions. If an allergy is confirmed, treatment options include allergen avoidance, medication, immunotherapy, or emergency epinephrine for severe cases.
Allergies, a growing health concern, can be managed effectively with proper testing and treatment. Understanding allergen types and reactions is crucial for patients and healthcare providers alike. Before testing, patients may need to temporarily stop certain medications to ensure accurate results.
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