Chewable Apoquel Tablets for Canines: Evaluation by Veterinarian Catherine Barnette DVM, Published on July 25, 2025
Apoquel, a chewable tablet, has become a popular choice among veterinarians for treating itching and inflammation associated with food allergies in dogs. This FDA-approved medication is specifically designed for dogs 12 months and older, and it offers several advantages over other treatments, thanks to its fewer side effects.
At the heart of Apoquel's effectiveness lies its active ingredient, oclacitinib, a selective Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitor. By inhibiting JAK1 and JAK3 enzymes, Apoquel disrupts the immune pathways that cause itch and inflammation in dogs with allergic skin conditions at a cellular level.
JAK enzymes transmit signals from cytokine receptors on the cell surface to the cell nucleus, activating genes involved in immune responses. By blocking JAK1 and JAK3, Apoquel prevents cytokines that trigger allergic reactions and itching from activating immune cells. This reduces the inflammatory cascade and prevents the activation of sensory neurons that send itch signals to the brain, effectively helping dogs stop itching, biting, and licking behaviours.
However, as with any medication, there are potential side effects to consider. Lethargy is a possible side effect of Apoquel, but most dogs tolerate it well. Adverse reactions to Apoquel are rare, but it is essential to consult a veterinarian before using Apoquel with any other medication, as there are no known interactions between Apoquel and concurrent use of antihistamines.
It's worth noting that because JAK enzymes also participate in important immune functions (such as fighting infections and maintaining blood cell production), blocking them can carry risks, including increased susceptibility to infections. Therefore, veterinarians balance the benefits of reduced itching against these potential side effects.
Apoquel begins to alleviate itchiness in dogs within 4 hours and controls itching within 24 hours. The average shelf life for Apoquel chewable tablets is 24 months. It's crucial not to give Apoquel past the expiration date.
It's important to remember that Apoquel is not available without a prescription from a veterinarian, and it is not intended for human use or cleared by the FDA for use in cats. Some veterinarians may prescribe it off-label for cats, but this should be discussed with your vet.
In conclusion, Apoquel offers a promising solution for dogs suffering from allergic skin conditions, providing rapid relief from itching and inflammation. As with any medication, it's crucial to consult a veterinarian to discuss the potential benefits and risks for your pet.
- Engaging in a health-and-wellness routine that includes regular fitness-and-exercise can aid in boosting a dog's overall health and potentially improve outcomes when using Apoquel for treating allergies.
- Mental health in dogs is essential, and reducing the itching and discomfort associated with allergic skin conditions, such as that addressed by Apoquel, can lead to a dog being less anxious and stressed.
