Efficient Diagnostic Methods for Detecting Colorectal Cancer
In the realm of at-home health testing, the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) stands out as a valuable tool for colorectal cancer screening. Medical News Today chooses at-home tests that meet certain criteria, including processing test samples in labs, affordability, privacy measures, quick result turnaround, and further support.
When considering an at-home FIT test, factors such as results turnaround, insurance acceptance, accessibility, price, and further support are worth considering. Several at-home FIT tests are available, including LetsGetChecked, Everlywell, LabCorp OnDemand, Pinnacle Biolabs, and Cologuard.
The FIT test detects colorectal cancer by identifying human hemoglobin (Hb) protein in stool samples using specific antibodies. This immunoassay targets the globin part of Hb to selectively detect blood originating from the lower gastrointestinal tract, such as bleeding tumors or advanced adenomas, without interference from dietary sources of blood.
The process involves sample collection, antibody-based detection, quantitative measurement, and screening utility. Patients collect a small fecal sample at home, and the FIT applies antibodies that specifically bind to human hemoglobin in the stool sample. The amount of fecal Hb is measured quantitatively, providing a result that reflects bleeding levels. This is unlike older guaiac-based tests which detect blood chemically and can be affected by diet.
FIT is widely used in population-based colorectal cancer screening programs due to its high sensitivity for detecting bleeding lesions associated with cancer and advanced adenomas, and its convenience for patients. In studies comparing FIT with other emerging methods, FIT showed superior sensitivity for colorectal cancer detection.
However, it's important to note that a positive FIT result does not necessarily mean someone has colorectal cancer. Other conditions, such as hemorrhoids, benign polyps, and ulcers, may also cause blood in the stool. In such cases, a colonoscopy is necessary for further evaluation.
Moreover, older research suggests that hemorrhoids can cause false positive FIT results. Therefore, anyone who receives a positive FIT test result needs to contact a doctor for further evaluation. It is also crucial to contact a doctor if symptoms that could indicate colorectal cancer occur, such as unexplained abdominal pain, blood in or on the stool, changes in bowel habits, unexplained weight loss, or diarrhea or constipation.
While insurance may cover a FIT test if it is obtained from a doctor's office, at-home test kits may not allow customers to pay through their insurance. However, many at-home FIT test providers accept Health Savings Account (HSA) and Flexible Spending Account (FSA) cards. Telehealth companies that sell FIT tests often offer follow-up services so a person can discuss their next steps with a healthcare professional.
In conclusion, early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer generally improve the outlook for those affected. The FIT test offers a noninvasive, quick, and convenient method for colorectal cancer screening, with improved specificity and patient adherence compared to traditional chemical tests.
- The FIT test, a valuable tool for colorectal cancer screening, is an immunoassay that detects colorectal cancer by identifying human hemoglobin (Hb) protein in stool samples using specific antibodies.
- When a patient receives a positive FIT result, it's essential to contact a doctor for further evaluation, as other medical conditions like hemorrhoids, benign polyps, and ulcers may also cause blood in the stool.
- In the health and wellness sector, the FIT test reflects the advancements in science and medical-conditions screening, offering a noninvasive, quick, and convenient method for colorectal cancer screening.
