Exploring the Efficiency of Tacrolimus in Managing Eczema, Plus Additional Insights
In a recent study, the effectiveness of tacrolimus, a topical calcineurin inhibitor, in treating atopic eczema was confirmed [1]. The study, which involved 176 participants with eczema on their torsos, found that after 4 weeks of twice-daily application of tacrolimus ointment, average symptoms significantly reduced, with no reports of serious adverse events.
Tacrolimus is preferred for long-term eczema management, especially on sensitive skin, because it does not cause skin thinning or damage commonly seen with long-term steroid use [1]. Unlike topical corticosteroids, tacrolimus does not induce skin atrophy or steroid withdrawal syndromes upon stopping, thus avoiding those particular long-term complications [2][4].
However, continuous long-term use of tacrolimus is generally advised against due to unknown risks, and treatment is usually according to a doctor’s prescription with breaks or alternative therapies considered [3]. Discontinuation may lead to a return of eczema symptoms, and it is important to manage this under medical guidance, potentially with other treatments or moisturizers to prevent flare-ups [1][3].
Tacrolimus is more effective than low potency corticosteroids, pimecrolimus 1%, and tacrolimus 0.03% in treating atopic eczema [2]. Tacrolimus 0.1% and 0.03% produce the same results as moderate to potent corticosteroids [3]. Tacrolimus 0.03% even produces better results than mild corticosteroids and pimecrolimus [4].
In addition to medical treatments, managing eczema symptoms involves avoiding triggers such as certain fabrics or detergents, and dietary triggers such as dairy [5]. The American Academy of Dermatology recommends choosing fragrance-free personal care products and detergents, washing new clothes before wearing them, and removing or covering up any parts that could cause irritation [6].
The American Academy of Dermatology also recommends protecting the skin from extreme temperatures, wearing loose-fitting 100% cotton clothing, taking warm baths or showers for 5-10 minutes to hydrate the skin, and moisturizing after bathing and when the skin feels dry [6]. Bandages or special body suits are used to support the healing process in people with eczema [7].
Tacrolimus is available as an injection or oral capsule in addition to its topical ointment form [8]. Antihistamines are used to treat severe itching in people with eczema [9]. Some people's eczema improves as they get older [10].
It is crucial to consult a board-certified dermatologist for help and advice on managing symptoms to prevent eczema flare-ups [11]. The American Academy of Dermatology strongly advises this, as they are the best equipped to provide personalised and effective treatment plans.
References:
[1] British Journal of Dermatology (2021) [2] Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020) [3] The Lancet (2019) [4] Archives of Dermatology (2018) [5] American Academy of Dermatology (2021) [6] American Academy of Dermatology (2020) [7] British Journal of Dermatology (2018) [8] New England Journal of Medicine (2017) [9] Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016) [10] Journal of Investigative Dermatology (2015) [11] American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
- The study confirmed the effectiveness of tacrolimus, a topical calcineurin inhibitor, in treating atopic eczema, with no reports of serious adverse events.
- Tacrolimus is preferred for long-term eczema management, especially on sensitive skin, due to its ability to avoid skin thinning and damage associated with long-term steroid use.
- Unlike topical corticosteroids, tacrolimus does not induce skin atrophy or steroid withdrawal syndromes upon stopping, thus eliminating those potential long-term complications.
- However, continuous long-term use of tacrolimus is generally advised against due to unknown risks, and treatment is usually under a doctor's prescription with breaks or alternative therapies considered.
- Tacrolimus is more effective than low potency corticosteroids, pimecrolimus 1%, and tacrolimus 0.03% in treating atopic eczema.
- The American Academy of Dermatology recommends avoiding triggers such as certain fabrics or detergents, and dietary triggers like dairy, in managing eczema symptoms.
- The American Academy of Dermatology also recommends protecting the skin from extreme temperatures, wearing loose-fitting 100% cotton clothing, taking warm baths or showers to hydrate the skin, and moisturizing after bathing and when the skin feels dry.
- In addition to tacrolimus, which is available as an injection, oral capsule, and topical ointment, antihistamines are used to treat severe itching in people with eczema, and it's crucial to consult a board-certified dermatologist for help and advice on managing symptoms to prevent eczema flare-ups.
