Stress hormone misconceptions on TikTok: A correction on cortisol levels' status
In today's fast-paced world, stress has become an inevitable part of daily life. One of the hormones significantly affected by stress is cortisol, often referred to as the "stress hormone." This article aims to shed light on the common causes, effects, and coping strategies related to high cortisol levels due to chronic stress.
Chronic stress, stemming from various sources such as environmental factors (work-related pressures, financial difficulties, or stressful living conditions), psychological factors (anxiety, depression, or trauma), and physiological factors (chronic diseases or conditions), can lead to elevated cortisol levels[1][2][3][4].
High cortisol levels resulting from chronic stress can have far-reaching effects on the body. Cognitive impairments, such as challenges with attention, slowed processing, and poor memory, are common[1]. Physically, chronic exposure to cortisol is linked to conditions like high blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes, and osteoporosis[2].
Elevated cortisol can also increase appetite due to the hormone ghrelin, leading to weight gain as the body stores fat[2]. Additionally, chronic cortisol elevation can disrupt sleep patterns, leading to fatigue and lethargy[2]. Cortisol can affect metabolism by slowing it down, further contributing to weight gain[2].
Abnormally high or low cortisol levels are rare and are typically tied to specific medical conditions that require blood tests for diagnosis. Low cortisol levels can lead to conditions like Addison's disease and hypopituitarism[5].
Connecting with a mental health professional can help pinpoint the source of stress, make lifestyle changes, and set attainable goals. It's essential to remember that reducing stress in general is more helpful than trying to balance hormones with supplements.
The brain constantly monitors cortisol levels and adjusts production based on what the body needs. Cortisol levels peak in the early morning and gradually taper throughout the day, being woven into the sleep-wake cycle[6]. A blood test is required to diagnose any conditions associated with high or low cortisol levels[7].
If you're worried about your cortisol levels, speak with your doctor about your symptoms first. Physical symptoms of Cushing's syndrome, a condition characterised by high cortisol levels, can include weight gain, easy bruising, hair loss, high blood pressure, and a rounder face[8]. High cortisol levels can indicate a condition like Cushing's syndrome, which is usually triggered by long-term, high-dose use of oral steroid medications or benign tumors on the pituitary gland[8].
In conclusion, while cortisol plays a crucial role in the body's fight-or-flight response, chronic elevation due to stress can have significant negative impacts on both physical and mental health. By understanding the causes and effects of high cortisol levels, we can take proactive steps towards managing stress and promoting overall well-being.
Science indicates that chronic stress, rooted in environmental, psychological, or physiological factors, can lead to elevated cortisol levels, which can impact health-and-wellness by causing mental-health issues such as cognitive impairments, disrupted sleep patterns, increased appetite, and potential weight gain. Consulting a mental-health professional can be beneficial in managing stress and promoting wellness, rather than relying solely on supplements to balance hormones.
