Subluxation of the Shoulder: Symptoms, Remedies, Exercises, and Healing Process
A shoulder subluxation, a partial dislocation of the shoulder joint, can be a common and sometimes recurring issue for many individuals. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment is crucial for effective management.
Recurring shoulder subluxations can stem from various factors beyond direct traumatic or sports-related injuries. Genetic ligament laxity, repetitive overhead use causing muscle imbalance and microtrauma, neuromuscular insufficiency, and structural joint instability are some of the underlying causes.
People with connective tissue disorders such as Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome or generalised joint hypermobility may experience excessively elastic or loose ligaments, making their shoulder joint unstable and prone to recurrent subluxations without a significant injury. Repetitive overhead activities or overuse can cause microtrauma and weaken the shoulder stabilizers, leading to muscular imbalances and instability. Poor muscular support, especially of the rotator cuff and scapulothoracic muscles, can also cause improper joint control, making the shoulder more susceptible to subluxation.
Some individuals develop multidirectional instability (MDI), a condition characterised by instability in multiple directions due to a combination of lax ligaments and muscle weakness. Anatomical or structural factors, such as abnormalities or deficiencies in ligaments, joint capsule, or cartilage, can also contribute to recurring subluxations.
Symptoms of a shoulder subluxation may include a visibly deformed or out-of-place shoulder, pain, swelling, numbness or tingling in the arm, trouble moving the joint, and a clicking or catching sensation in the shoulder. In a complete dislocation, the humerus is knocked totally out of the socket.
Recovery time from a shoulder subluxation varies depending on the extent of the injury and whether surgery is required. Treatment options may include closed reduction, surgery, wearing a splint, brace, or sling, medication, and rehabilitation exercises. A physical therapist may recommend therapeutic massage, joint mobilization, and avoiding certain movements or activities.
After recovery, it's important to avoid strenuous activity to prevent a recurrence of the subluxation. After surgery for a dislocated shoulder, a person is often advised to wear a sling for several weeks and gradually introduce physical therapy. A correct diagnosis and prompt medical attention are crucial for treating a shoulder subluxation effectively.
It's essential to note that a shoulder subluxation can be misdiagnosed as biceps tendinopathy, collarbone injuries, rotator cuff injury, shoulder dislocation, or swimmer's shoulder. Therefore, consulting a doctor or physical therapist before attempting any exercises at home is always advised.
The shoulder, being the most mobile joint in the body, is very susceptible to dislocation. Complications of a shoulder subluxation include damage to blood vessels and nerves, other shoulder injuries, loss of movement and flexibility, and shoulder instability leading to recurring subluxations.
In conclusion, understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment of recurring shoulder subluxations can help individuals manage this condition effectively and prevent future dislocations. If you suspect a shoulder subluxation, seek medical attention promptly for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
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